The two animals are now used as the city's symbol, with the two facing and circling each other, as depicted in a statue appropriately located near the entrance to the city zoo. The event is sometimes interpreted as foretelling the Mongol invasion of Java, a major conflict between the forces of Kublai Khan, Mongol ruler of China, and those of Raden Wijaya's Majapahit on, which is now considered the date of the city's founding. Jayabaya foresaw a fight between a giant white shark and a giant white crocodile taking place in the area. This name for Surabaya alludes to a prophecy of Jayabaya, a 12th-century psychic king of Kediri Kingdom, whose name means 'conquering the fear or perils' derived from the Pali words 'Jaya' or 'Vijaya' (victory or conqueror) and 'bhaya' (fear, perils or danger). Surabaya, from the Javanese ' sura ing baya', means 'bravely facing danger' originally from the union of Pali words ' sura', referring to the ' Asura' ( Buddhism beliefs, and ' bhaya', referring to 'fear', 'perils' or 'danger'. 8.1 Universities and post-secondary institutionsДЇighting shark and crocodile, the emblem of Surabaya since colonial times, derived from local folk etymology.The city is also known for being one of the cleanest and greenest in Indonesia. The city is one of the important financial, commercial, industrial, transportation, and entertainment hubs of the archipelago, arguably second only to Jakarta, and the Port of Tanjung Perak is Indonesia's second-busiest seaport located on northern Surabaya. The city is known as Kota Pahlawan (the city of heroes) due to the importance of the Battle of Surabaya during the Indonesian National Revolution. ДЇrom the 18th century until the mid-20th century, Surabaya was the largest city in the Dutch East Indies, and the center of trading in the Indonesian archipelago, which was then a competitor to Shanghai and Hong Kong. Surabaya became independent after the death of Sultan Trenggana of Demak in 1546. During the decline of Majapahit, the lord of Surabaya resisted the rise of the Demak Sultanate and only submitted to its rule in 1530. At that time, Surabaya was already a major trading port, owing to its location on the River Brantas delta and the trade route between Malacca and the Spice Islands via the Java Sea. In the late 15th and 16th centuries, Surabaya grew to be a duchy, a major political and military power as well as a port in eastern Java, probably under the Majapahit empire. The city was settled in the 10th century by the Kingdom of Janggala, one of the two Javanese kingdoms that was formed in 1045 when Airlangga abdicated his throne in favor of his two sons. The city has a population of 2.87В million within its city limits at the 2020 Census and 9.5В million in the extended Surabaya metropolitan area, making it the second-largest metropolitan area in Indonesia. According to the National Development Planning Agency, Surabaya is one of the four main central cities of Indonesia, alongside Jakarta, Medan, and Makassar.

Located on the northeastern border of Java island, on the Madura Strait, it is one of the earliest port cities in Southeast Asia. Surabaya ( Indonesian pronunciation: ( listen) JavaneseВ : к¦±к¦ёк¦«к¦§к¦Є readВ : SurГҐbГҐyГҐ Van Ophuijsen Spelling (Old Spelling)В : Soerabaja) is the capital of the Indonesian province of East Java and the second-largest city in Indonesia. L (for Motor vehicle), SKB (for Rickshaw)Д¬ommuter rail in Surabaya (Jenggala, Komuter Surabaya-Bangil, Komuter Surabaya-Pasuruan, Komuter Sulam, Komuter Sidoarjo-Indro)

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